Moving down the east coast - Boston, Massachusetts is the next capital to visit. Good old Beantown.

The photos are: 1) the skyline of Boston's Back Bay neighborhood (The Prudential Tower, John Hancock Tower, 111 Huntington Avenue, and the Christian Science Center are all visible, left to right): 2) Copley Square with the Boston Public Library on the left, and Old South Church on the right; 3) the Massachusetts State House; 4) Quincy Market, an historic building in a shopping center called Faneuil Hall Marketplace; 5) Harvard Yard, Cambridge, heart of the oldest institution of higher education in the United States, Harvard University; 6) a Boston Red Sox baseball game at Fenway Park; 7) Boston Commons; and 8) the outside of the Bull & Finch Pub, inspiration for the TV Series, "Cheers."

Boston is the capital and largest city of the U.S. state of Massachusetts. The largest city in New England, Boston is considered the economic and cultural center of the entire region. The city, which had an estimated population of 616,535 in 2008, lies at the center of the Cambridge–Boston-Quincy metropolitan area—the 10th-largest metropolitan area (5th largest CSA) in the U.S., with a population of 4.5 million.
In 1630, Puritan colonists from England founded the city on the Shawmut Peninsula. During the late eighteenth century Boston was the location of several major events during the American Revolution, including the Boston Massacre and the Boston Tea Party. Several early battles of the American Revolution, such as the Battle of Bunker Hill and the Siege of Boston, occurred within the city and surrounding areas. After American independence was attained Boston became a major shipping port and manufacturing center, and its rich history now attracts 16.3 million visitors annually. The city was the site of several firsts, including America's first public school, Boston Latin School (1635), and first college, Harvard College (1636), in neighboring Cambridge. Boston was also home to the first subway system in the United States.
Through land reclamation and municipal annexation, Boston has expanded beyond the peninsula. With many colleges and universities within the city and surrounding area, Boston is a center of higher education and a center for medicine. The city's economy is also based on research, finance, and technology – principally biotechnology. Boston has been experiencing gentrification and has one of the highest costs of living in the United States, though remains high on world livability rankings.

After the Revolution, Boston had become one of the world's wealthiest international trading ports due to the city's consolidated seafaring tradition – exports included rum, fish, salt, and tobacco. During this era, descendants of old Boston families became regarded as the nation's social and cultural elites; they were later dubbed the Boston Brahmins. In 1822, Boston was chartered as a city.

By the early and mid-twentieth century, the city was in decline as factories became old and obsolete, and businesses moved out of the region for cheaper labor elsewhere. Boston responded by initiating various urban renewal projects under the direction of the Boston Redevelopment Authority (BRA), which was established in 1957. In 1958, BRA initiated a project to improve the historic West End neighborhood. Extensive demolition garnered vociferous public opposition to the new agency. BRA subsequently reevaluated its approach to urban renewal in its future projects, including the construction of Government Center. By the 1970s, the city's economy boomed after thirty years of economic downturn. Hospitals such as Massachusetts General Hospital, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and Brigham and Women's Hospital led the nation in medical innovation and patient care. Schools such as Harvard University, MIT, Boston University, Boston College and Northeastern University attracted students to the Boston area. Nevertheless, the city experienced conflict starting in 1974 over desegregation busing, which resulted in unrest and violence around public schools throughout the mid-1970s.
The Columbia Point housing projects, built in 1953 on the Dorchester peninsula, had gone through bad times until there were only 350 families living in it in 1988. It was run down and dangerous. In 1984, the city of Boston gave control of it to a private developer, Corcoran-Mullins-Jennison, who re-developed and revitalized the property into an attractive residential mixed-income community called Harbor Point Apartments which was opened in 1988 and completed by 1990. It is a very significant example of revitalization and re-development and was the first federal housing project to be converted to private, mixed-income housing in the United States.
In the early twenty-first century the city has become an intellectual, technological, and political center. It has, however, experienced a loss of regional institutions, which included the acquisition of the Boston Globe by The New York Times, and the loss to mergers and acquisitions of local financial institutions such FleetBoston Financial, which was acquired by Charlotte-based Bank of America in 2004. The city also had to tackle gentrification issues and rising living expenses, with housing prices increasing sharply since the 1990s.

Today's Jumble (10/28/08):

ILLAC = LILAC; CAUTE = ACUTE; COULIN = UNCOIL; COTONY = TYCOON

CIRCLED LETTERS = IACTNOLOON

Where the actor was shot in the movie.

"ON LOCATION"

Today is the day to break out your stuffed animals because it is Plush Animal Lover's Day. I just love soft cuddly things.

Cotton gin was invented by Eli Whitney, 1793 (patent was applied for.)

The Gateway Arch in St. Louis, Missouri was completed, 1965.

Statue of Liberty was dedicated in New York Harbor by President Cleveland, 1886.

Other things on this day in history:

306 - Maxentius is proclaimed Roman Emperor.
312 - Battle of Milvian Bridge: Constantine I defeats Maxentius, becoming the sole Roman Emperor.
1061 - Empress Agnes, acting as Regent for her son, brings about the election of Bishop Cadalus, the antipope Honorius II
1516 - Battle of Yaunis Khan: Turkish forces under the Grand Vizier Sinan Pasha defeat the Mameluks near Gaza.
1531 - Battle of Amba Sel: Imam Ahmad ibn Ibrihim al-Ghazi again defeats the army of Lebna Dengel, Emperor of Ethiopia. The southern part of Ethiopia falls under Imam Ahmad's control.
1538 - The first university in the New World, the Universidad Santo Tomás de Aquino, is established.
1628 - The Siege of La Rochelle, which had been ongoing for 14 months, ends with Huguenot surrender
1636 - A vote of the Great and General Court of the Massachusetts Bay Colony establishes the first college in what would become the United States, today known as Harvard University.
1664 - The Duke of York and Albany's Maritime Regiment of Foot, later to be known as the Royal Marines, is established.
1775 - American Revolutionary War A British proclamation forbids residents from leaving Boston.
1776 - American Revolutionary War: Battle of White Plains - British Army forces arrive at White Plains, attack and capture Chatterton Hill from the Americans.
1834 - The Battle of Pinjarra occurs in the Swan River Colony in present-day Pinjarra, Western Australia. Between 14 and 40 Aborigines are killed by British colonists.
1848 - The first railroad in Spain - between Barcelona and Mataró - is opened.
1864 - American Civil War: Second Battle of Fair Oaks ends - Union Army forces under General Ulysses S. Grant withdraw from Fair Oaks, Virginia, after failing to breach the Confederate defenses around Richmond, Virginia.
1886 - In New York Harbor, President Grover Cleveland dedicates the Statue of Liberty.
1891 - The Mino-Owari Earthquake, the largest earthquake in Japan's history, strikes Gifu Prefecture.
1893 - Tchaikovsky's Symphony No. 6 in B Minor, Pathétique, premiered in St. Petersburg, only nine days before the composer's death.
1918 - World War I: Czechoslovakia is granted its independence from Austria-Hungary. Beginning of independent Czechoslovak state, after 300 years.
1918 - The German fleet is immobilized when sailors mutiny en masse and disobey an order to leave port five times; 1,000 would ultimately be arrested.
1918 - New Polish government in Western Galicia (Central Europe) is established.
1919 - The U.S. Congress passes the Volstead Act over President Woodrow Wilson's veto, paving the way for Prohibition to begin the following January.
1922 - March on Rome: Italian fascists led by Benito Mussolini march on Rome and take over the Italian government.
1929 - Black Monday, a day in the Wall Street Crash of 1929, which also saw major stock market upheaval.
1936 - US President Franklin D. Roosevelt rededicates the Statue of Liberty on its 50th anniversary.
1940 - World War II: Italy invades Greece through Albania, marking Greece's entry into World War II. It is celebrated in Greece as Okhi Day (Όχι=No) Day.
1941 - Holocaust in Kaunas, Lithuania: German SS forces arrange the massacre of over 9,000 Jews of the Kaunas ghetto. After the victims assembled on the Demokratu square at 6 am to be shot they are buried in gigantic ditches.
1942 - The Alaska Highway (Alcan Highway) is completed through Canada to Fairbanks, Alaska.
1942 - Holocaust: 2,000 Jewish children and 6,000 Jewish adults from Kraków are deported by Germans to Belzec death camp.
1942 - Holocaust: SS directive orders all Jewish children's mittens and stockings to be sent from the death camps to the SS families.
1948 - Swiss chemist Paul Müller is awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of the insecticidal properties of DDT.
1954 - The modern Kingdom of the Netherlands is re-founded as a federal monarchy.
1962 - Cuban Missile Crisis: Soviet Union leader Nikita Khrushchev announces that he had ordered the removal of Soviet missile bases in Cuba.
1964 - Vietnam War: U.S. officials deny any involvement in bombing North Vietnam.
1965 - Nostra Aetate, the "Declaration on the Relation of the Church with Non-Christian Religions" of the Second Vatican Council, is promulgated by Pope Paul VI; it absolves the Jews of the alleged killing of Jesus, reversing Innocent III's declaration from 760 years ago. In short, Pope Paul VI announces that the ecumenical council has decided that Jews are not collectively responsible for the killing of Christ.
1970 - The land speed record set by Gary Gabelich in a rocket-powered automobile called the Blue Flame, fueled with natural gas.
1971 - Britain launches its first (and as of 2007, only) satellite, Prospero, into low Earth orbit atop a Black Arrow carrier rocket.
1982 - Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) wins elections, leading to first Socialist government in Spain after death of Franco. Felipe Gonzalez becomes Prime Minister-elect.
1985 - Sandinista Daniel Ortega becomes president of Nicaragua and makes peace overtures to the United States; American policy continues to support the Contras in their revolt against the Nicaraguan government.
1986 - The centennial of the Statue of Liberty's dedication is re-celebrated in New York Harbor.
1998 - An Air China (Mainland China) jetliner is hijacked by disgruntled pilot Yuan Bin and flown to Taiwan.
2005 - Plame affair: Lewis Libby, Vice-president Dick Cheney's chief of staff, is indicted in the Valerie Plame case. Libby resigns later that day.
2006 - Funeral service for the peace of the executed at Bykivnia forest, outside of Kiev, Ukraine, with reburial of 817 Ukrainian civilians (out of some 100,000) executed by Bolsheviks at Bykivnia in 1930s – early 1940s.
2007 - First NFL game played outside North America was played at Wembley Stadium